Short answer: Tirzepatide is a dual GIP/GLP-1 agonist; semaglutide is a selective GLP-1 agonist. Clinical comparative data shows tirzepatide produces greater weight and metabolic marker changes. For most GLP-1 pathway research, the choice depends on whether you need single- or dual-receptor activation.
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| Criteria | Tirzepatide | Semaglutide |
|---|---|---|
| Receptors | GLP-1 + GIP | GLP-1 only |
| Published weight data | 15–22.5% (SURMOUNT) | ~15% (STEP) |
| Published research base | Growing fast | Largest in class |
| Best for | Dual-receptor studies | GLP-1 pathway studies |
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Tirzepatide is a dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist (targeting two receptors), while semaglutide is a selective GLP-1 receptor agonist (targeting one). Preclinical and clinical research data shows tirzepatide produces greater reductions in body weight markers in comparative studies, attributed to its dual-receptor activity.